                             - 116 -

                2.    .

             
       ,     -,  
       --
.     ,   ,
  .  ,  <Backspace>  -
    ASCII,      <Delete>  - 
 .   Ctlr   ,  
         -
    .      -
  ASCII:    -
 ASCII,  ,      
() .
          ,  
    .     
          ASCII 
  ,     3   .   
    ,   
 ,    ,  -
   (  ),   
DOS.

                             - 117 -

   3.2.1    <BackSpace>,  <Enter>,  <Escape> 
<Tab>.

    <BackSpace>, <Enter>, <Escape>   <Tab> - 
   ,     -
 ASCII.        [7.1.9],
    32    ASCII.    
        
Ctrl:

   ASCII   8    BackSpace          Ctrl + H
   ASCII   9    Tab                Ctrl + I
   ASCII  13    Enter              Ctrl + M
   ASCII  27    Escape             Ctrl + [

 [3.2.2]        -
   Ctrl.  ,   , -
    <Shift> + <Tab>,    
0;15.
          -
     .   -
 INPUT     <Backspace>,  <Tab>   <Enter>.  
INKEY$        , 
      .     -
  .  ,     -
    TAB.    BIOS  DOS,
           
<BackSpace>  <Tab>.          
  ,  ASCII       AL,
           -
,    ,  .

                             - 118 -

   3.2.2   -: <Shift>, <Ctrl>  
<Alt>.

     -    -
     .    ,  
     .       
   ASCII: (1)    <Shift> 

-    (2)      
Ctrl-A  Ctrl-Z  ASCII   1  26.   -
   ,    [3.3.5]. PCjr 
 ,   .
        , .  
     Ctrl-Alt, -
      ,  
    ,    Alt, 
Ctrl,   Shift.  [3.1.7]      
    -.     [3.2.3] , 
  ScrollLock,     
  .     --
        
  ,           BIOS
[3.1.9].
    ,      -
 Ctrl,   Ctrl + H, I, M  [,   
 ASCII,  ,     <BackSpa-
ce>, <Tab>, <Enter>  <Escape>.   [3.1.8]   
   ,  -,   
        Ctrl (-
   AH,        -
 16H).    ,        
.        
  ,    .  
 2      0040:0017  ,   
Ctrl  -  .        ,  
  ,     ,    
     .
    PCjr   63 ,    83 
IBM PC  XT  84  AT.   --
        (-
       [3.2.5]):

     PCjr      PC/XT/AT 

   Alt + Fn + 0-9              0-9 (-  -
                                
   Alt + /                     \
   Alt + '                     `
   Alt + [                     |
   Alt + ]                     ~
   Alt + .                     * (-,    PrtSc
   Shift + Del                 . (-,   . -)

                             - 119 -

    PCjr      -
   -:

   Fn + Shift + Esc               
                               
   Ctrl + Alt + CapsLock         
                                
   Ctrl + Alt + Ins             
   Ctrl + Alt + CursorLeft       
   Ctrl + Alt + CursorRight      

                             - 120 -

   3.2.3  -: NumLock,  CapsLock,
Ins  ScrollLock.

      Ins,   --
    ,       .
 ,      , 
         BIOS      0040:0017  
0040:0018.       
       .    
         
 -    [3.1.7].
            -
-   .    -
  -     -
.        ,    
  .  , <ScrollLock>   -
  ,        +
 .  ,    
     ,       
<ScrollLock>       .
,      <Shift>    
 <NumLock>.
     <Ins>       0;82,  
       .   
  <Ins>       .   
       <Ins>,     
     .   <Ins>,    <Scroll-
Lock>,       (   <Num-
Lock>    <CapsLock>).       ,  
.       IBM ,  
<ScrollLock>      -
,             
 ,     .
   ,         -
-         . 
        ,   -
  ,   -1  -
   ,   0 - .
,   F10     -
 Clock:

100 '''  
110 CLOCK = -1            '   
120 IF X<=100 THEN NOT CLOCK ' 

                             - 121 -

   3.2.4       -
  .

    IBM PC   XT      
  ,  <Ins>  <Del>,    +   -.
 AT    "System Request" (Sys Rec),   
  PCjr    4     (
           
<Shift>   <Fn>,   [3.2.2]  [3.2.5]).    <Num-
Lock>        .
  <Ins>  <Del>     <NumLock> -
, ..     .   +  -
              <Num-
Lock>.
           
    ,     
   - ..    ASCII  48  57  
 0  9.       +  -.   -
            -
,     AH       
16H,         21H.  -
,     <Shift>   
     ,   -
 <NumLock>.    <CapsLock>   .
 "5"              
      .
         
   <Home>,  <End>,  <PgUp>    <PgDn>,  
           
.        .  
      .  
 ,     ,      -
        .
        -
   Ctrl.  <NumLock>     -
 ,    .  [3.1.7] -
         
NumLock.      :

    ASCII:          43                   +
                        45                   -
                        46                   .
                        48-57                0-9
    :

   72,75,77,80          CursorUp,Left,Right&Down
   71,73,79,81          Home,PgUp,End,PgDn
   82,83                Ins,Del
   115,116              Ctlr-cursor left, -cursor right
   117,118,119,132      Ctlr-end, -PgDn, -Home, -PgUp

                             - 122 -

   AT    84- , Sys Req,      
.      ,
      .    -
,  AX   8500H      15H. 
    AX   8501H,     -
  15H. BIOS AT     84H  85H
  15H,     .      
    15H,     -
     Sys Req.       
 AL,          (AL = 0) 
 (AL = 1).  ,   15H  
,           
  Sys  Req.        Sys  Req
      ,   
AH     84H  85H,    -
   15H [1.2.4].

                             - 123 -

   3.2.5   .

   10       
  Shift,  Ctrl  Alt,   40  .   
      ,  
   ASCII 0,      :

                     

   59-68                 F1-F10
   84-93                 Shift + F1-F10
   94-103                Ctrl + F1-F10
   104-113               Alt + F1-F10

        
  ,           10
,     <ScrollLock> +  <Fn>,
   [3.2.3].
    PCjr   62 ,    83 
IBM PC  XT,  84  AT.       -
        , 
 :

     PCjr         PC/XT/AT 

     Fn + 1-0               F1-F10
     Fn + B                 Break
     Fn + E                 Ctrl + PrtSc
     Fn + P                 Shift + PrtSc
     Fn + Q                 Ctrl + NumLock
     Fn + S                 ScrollLock
     Fn + CursorLeft        PgUp
     Fn + CursorRight       PgDn
     Fn + CursorUp          Home
     Fn + CursorDown        End
     Fn + -                 (-  )
     Fn + =                 (-  )

      -   [3.2.2].

                             - 124 -

   3.2.6   .

         
   .     ,   -
    ,    -
  -       -
    ASCII   .    ,
  MS DOS  2.0,     -
  .          
     DOS      - 
  BIOS  16H     
 .
       Esc-.
  ,      Esc  (ASCII  27),
     "    ",
..   .      Esc   
 .        MS DOS
     ,      .
         ,  
            
.
       :     Esc (ASCII
27),     [,     -
,     (;),    , -
     ,  ,   p.     ,  
27,'[65;97p'  A  (ASCII  65)    a (ASCII 97). 
        ,     
                  .  
27,'[0;68;0;83p'   F10 (0;68)   ,  
 Delete (0;83).       
,      [3.3.5].
         .  --
,      , -
    .   ,   27,'["A";"a"p'  
 A  a. -      -
  ,           
.   27,'["A";"A  is  for Apple"p'   ,
     A   ,  
  A is for Apple.      Esc--
 -  ,  ,      
     ,   
        .   ,
         , 
   .      
  .        
 ,    ANSI.SYS   
  .     Esc--
  .        
.
        
 PCjr  AT.    AT    
  ;        
  ,        .   
       

                             - 125 -

 AT.   PCjr  BIOS 16H   
 (AH = 3  AH = 4),     -
 . " " -   ,  
   ,      .
        -
 .   3    AL 0,  
   ,   ,  1 -  
        ,    
,  2 -     , 3  -
   1  2   4 -  
.    4,   AL 1,    
  ,  0 -  .

    .

    ,     PRINT    WRITE   
Esc-.        
  ,   
MS DOS,     " ".   
 ,          
.       ,    
  ,      2000:0000.   DATA
  .     
    $.

100 DATA &H55, &H8B, &HEC, &H8B, &H5E, &H06, &H8B, &H57
110 DATA &H01, &HB4, &H09, &HCD, &H21, &H5D, &HCA, &H02, &H00
120 '      2000:0000
130 DEF SEG = &H2000         ' 
140 FOR N=0 TO 16            '  17 
150 READ Q                   ' 
160 POKE N,Q                 '   
170 NEXT                     '
180 '''  A  a
190 Q$ = CHR$(27)+"[65;97p$" ' 
200 ROUTINE = 0              '  
210 CALL ROUTINE(Q$)         ' 

    .

      9    21H     
   .  DS:DX    
             $
(24H).   F2 (0;60)   ,  
  Del (0;83).

;---  
CHANGE_KEY   DB   27,'[0;60;0;83p$'

;---   
   LEA  DX,CHANGE_KEY       ;DS:DX    
   MOV  AH,9                ; 
   INT  21H                 ; 

                             - 126 -

   3.2.7     .

    -    ,     -
      .     
         -
    .    
   ,        
(ASCII  13),       
.     , ,  -
  ,    , 
    .
   ,      ,    
 ,      .  -
,      ,     
  "",      
INPUT    ,  ,  INKEY$, -
   .    , -
,      ,  
     DOS,       
          
DOS.         
  BIOS 16H,     -
   .  ,    -
           .
,      -
  F1,         MACRO1$, 
   - :

1000 '''   ,  C - 2-  
1010 IF C=59 THEN LOCATE X,Y: PRINT MACRO1$

    .

        , 
     10  ,  
     15  .   
 ,   .  KEY
     .  KEY 5,"END"
    ,    #5    
 END      .
           -
,  ASCII  (  CHR$)       
.    KEY 5,"A"  KEY 5,CHR$(65) .   
,         
     (ASCII 13).    FILES,  
 ,    ,     -
 F1  KEY 1,"FILES"+CHR$(13).
         -
  .     
  ,    ,,   KEY
1,""   ,       F1     
.       -
        .   -
      KEY ON  KEY OFF.
        , -
  KEY LIST.   :

                             - 127 -

KEY 1,"ERASE"           ;  F1  "ERASE"
KEY 10,"LIST"+CHR$(13)  ;  F10  
KEY 7,""                ;  F7   
KEY OFF                 ;    
KEY ON                  ;    
KEY LIST                ;    10 

       ,  
  MS DOS,   [3.2.6].
    .

    MS DOS      -
 ,   [3.2.6].   
,          . 
      ,   ,  
      .   :

27,'["A";"SET"p'          ;  SET  A
27,'["ASET"p'             ;  
27,'[27;"dir";13p'        ;  dir<CR>  Esc
27,'[0;59;"copy *.* b:";13p'  ; F1 
27,'[0;68;0;72;0;72;0;72p'    ; F10   
                              ;  

                             - 128 -

   3.2.8    Ctrl-Break.

      Ctrl-Break,   
 ,       -
  Ctrl-Break.      
    ,         DOS,
   .    -
 / MS DOS      ( 
1  C  21H,    6  7).  
 BREAK=ON       AUTOEXEC.BAT,     CONFIG.SYS,
  MS  DOS   ,     ,
      DOS     
 Ctrl-Break.      
.
       Ctrl-Break      
     .    DOS  
 Ctrl-Break,    ,  
   23H. DOS    
  .      -
 ,        .
       ,      
       -
.     ,    SP -
        (     COM)
    RET.  ,
     ,    
 / -  .     -
,    .       -
        -
     Ctrl-Break.     -  
    Ctrl-Break,      
IRET,      .

    .

            -
 .         RET,   IRET,
         ,   
 RET      .    ,
  ,   (SP)    
  .   ,     EXE.
,             
 ,  -    ,  ..    
400  ,     SP  396.    COM  
           
   Ctrl-Break  21H.

;---    Ctrl-Break
C_B     PROC FAR
        MOV  AX,396           ;    
        MOV  SP,AX            ;  
        RET                   ;  DOS
C_B     ENDP                  ;

                             - 129 -

;---  
        PUSH DS               ; 
        MOV  AX,SEG C_B       ;  
        MOV  DS,AX            ;
        MOV  DX,OFFSET C_B    ;
        MOV  AH,25H           ; 
        MOV  AL,23H           ; 
        INT  21H              ; 
        POP  DS               ; 

              
    Ctrl-Break.    AL
0      33  21H.     DL  
 1,       Ctrl-Break, 
0  -    .       AL  1,  
  .     ,    ,
  DL 0  1,      .

                             - 130 -

   3.2.9   PrtSc.

     PrtSc    (ASCII 42),      
,        114,      
  Ctrl.    <Shift> + <PrtSc>  
 .      
         (,    -
-,        [3.1.7]). 
     ,     -
        . 
  <Shift>  + <PrtSc>     
     ,    
  5.         -
 .
     5      ,  
    .      -
  ,        .
,    ,    
   ,       -
 Shift + PrtSc,       
.    ,     
   .  , -
 PrtSc         ,   
      MS DOS [1.3.4].  -
      ,     
  .

    .

        .
               
(F000:FF54)    .      
,     ,       
 Shift + PrtSc,       (
    .  [1.2.3]).

;---    PrtSc
   CLI                       ; 
   MOV  AX,SEG NEW_ROUTINE   ;  
   MOV  DS,AX                ;
   MOV  DX,OFFSET NEW_ROUTINE   ;
   MOV  AL,5                 ;  
   MOV  AH,25H               ; 
   INT  21H                  ; 
   STI                       ; 
    .
    .
;---  PrtSc
NEW_ROUTINE  PROC FAR
             STI             ; 
             PUSH AX         ; 
              .
              .
             MOV  CX,100     ; 
              .
              .
             POP  AX         ; 
             IRET            ;  
NEW_ROUTINE  ENDP            ;